Palm oil is a commodity that has great potential in contributing to the country foreign exchange from non-oil sector. Indonesia as palm oil producers see it as a booster to increase production, through the expansion of oil palm plantation land (extensification) and improve the quality of agricultural technology (intensification).

Palm Cultivation

Regional development of oil palm plantation at the appropriate 15 ° N-15 ° LS. Height of the oil palm planting the ideal range 0-500 m above sea level. Oil palm requires registration rainfall 2000-2500 mm / year. Optimum temperature for growth of palm oil is 29-30 ° C. The intensity of solar radiation of about 5-7 hours / day. The ideal optimum humidity around 80-90%. Oil palm can be grown on soil type Podzolik, Latosol, Hidromorfik Gray, Alluvial or Regosol. Optimum pH value is 5,0-5,5. Oil palm requires loose soil, fertile, flat, and has berdrainase good solum layers without the layers of the Rock.

Duplication of palm oil is done by generative and it's been done to augment tissue culture of oil palm. In breeding with tissue culture breeding material used in the form of root cells (English method) and leaf cells (the French method). This method is able to reproduce seeds on a large scale with high production rates and uniform plant growth.

Seeds for oil palm seedlings supplied by Marihat Research Station and the Agriculture Research Center Field. Seeds with this excellent quality comes from the parent Delidura and father Pisifera.

How to do multiplication of palm trees as follows:
a) The shaft is released from the fruit bunches spikeletnya.
b) Tandan diperam fruit for three days and once again drenched with water. Separate the fruit from tandannya and peram again for 3 days.
c) Put the fruit into a mixing machine to separate the pulp from the seeds. Rinse seeds with water and put into the solution Biotama 5 (Biotama lid 3 in 1 liter of water) for 3 minutes. Drain and selection to obtain uniform-sized seeds.
d) All the seeds stored in room temperature 22 ° C and humidity of 60-70% before dikecambahkan.

While the seeds are ready dikecambahkan, and then treated as follows:
a) Soak the seeds in water for 6-7 days and change the water every day, then soaked in a solution Biotama 5 for 2 minutes. Dikeringanginkan seeds.
b) Put the seeds into the germination and place the cans in a room with a temperature of 39 ° C and 60-70% humidity for 60 days. Every 7 days dikeringanginkan seeds for 3 minutes.
c) After 60 days soak the seeds in water until the water content of 20-30% and dry aired again. Enter Biotama seeds to a solution of 5 for 1-2 minutes. Save the seeds in room 27 ° C. After 10 days of seed germination. Seeds germinated at day 30 was not used again

Planting palm.
Each hole give the plants an organic fertilizer from cattle dung / manure fermented with Biotama 3. At the time of planting 20 kg / plant hole. And always repeated every year. Besides, the solution spraying Biotama 1 & 5 on the plant Biotama in the morning before sunrise when in Indonesia before 7 am or late afternoon when in Indonesia sometime after 4 pm (when the sun rises or the sun had already set), when watering every 2 week on a regular basis until the flowering plants. At 2-week-old plants 1 year sd sprayed 5 to 6 tanks @ 15 liters of solution Biotama **) per Hectare. Age 2 to 3 years after planting sprayed from 8 to 9 tanks for each hectare of plants.

Palm Development
The expansion of land area has been started in recent years. Indonesia has expanded its oil palm plantation land to the eastern part of Indonesia such as Kalimantan and Sulawesi (formerly only the island of Sumatra). The expansion have an impact on agricultural technology, because the new land planted with oil palm is in the nature and structure of different soil from previous land situation. Therefore, the necessary improvement of quality of agricultural technology.

Increased productivity is the latest challenge in the oil palm cultivation is against the backdrop of rising production costs, fluctuating oil prices, and oil palm development on marginal lands leads to.

Efforts to accelerate the plant growth is by improving the quality of oil palm seedlings are supported by the application of the latest technical culture standard. Increased production of oil palm should be promoted through regulation in stages, plant density and replanting with underplanting techniques. Action to address limiting factors on marginal land in between should be promoted through the adoption of latest techniques of soil conservation, GIS (geographical information system), management of water flows freely per_mukaan, management of soil nutrients in a balanced, application materials pembenah soil, coconut cultivation technology assembly oil based on the biological aspects of environment-friendly.

Increased production of palm oil is influenced by various factors, among others, improvement of land, fertilizing and maintenance system for growing plants. The nature of oil palm plantations have always been using chemical fertilizers and pesticides so that the first land to be contaminated with natural and long-term land will terasebut damaged and unfit for agriculture. That is the reason, land management should be treated with high-quality technology, environmentally friendly and sustainable.

* Recognizing the above situation, the PT UTOMO DECK offers technology that is biologically based fertilizer with micro technology with the brand: BIOTAMA. BIOTAMA help: Menggemburkan and healthy soil.
* Increased positive microorganism activity in the soil.
* Healthy plants seeds and seedlings. Leaves, flowers & fruits are not easily fall out.
* Pressing plant pests & diseases.
* Accelerating the growth of plants, making the leaves are thicker & stronger, more powerful plants.
* Increasing production, taste, color and quality of crops.
* To produce a healthy product and chemical-free

1 to reactivate BIOTAMA microorganisms in the soil, water and air that can capture a variety of nutrients and are used to assist plant growth. 1 contains microorganisms BIOTAMA Penicillium and Streptomyces species which serve as anti-toxins that can nourish plants. Photosynthetic bacteria in BIOTAMA 1 increase energy, so when sprayed on plants will encourage the growth of plants, when sprayed on the soil will improve soil productivity. And when used to soak the seeds the seeds become more healthy and easy to grow.

Bacteria contained in BIOTAMA is a natural bacteria (indigenous Indonesian) is cultured in a fermentation with nutrient enrichment system. These bacteria are Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Actinomycetes, Lactobacillus, Streptomyces, and bacteria Rhodomyces share Fotosintat and other types of 79 strains in the number of about 107. per cc BIOTAMA it.

BIOTAMA been tested in Lab. Microbiology, University of Malang Brawijaya 28/MIKRI-BIO/F-MIPA/06/2005 number and have received permission from the Ministry of Industry to produce industrial scale with the number: 533/172/435.4.12/2005. On June 25, 2006 BIOTAMA has received recognition from the IFOAM (International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement). This means that BIOTAMA have qualified as an organic fertilizer in accordance with the composition (nutrients and microbial content) that have been eligible to be marketed and tested with satisfactory results. BIOTAMA also conduct tests / test of the product continuously to maintain product quality so as not to harm consumers.

* BIOTAMA oil used by farmers for land Menggemburkan and healthy.
* Increased positive microorganism activity in the soil.
* Healthy plants seeds and seedlings. Leaves, flowers & fruits are not easily fall out.
* Pressing plant pests & diseases.
* Accelerating the growth of plants, making the leaves are thicker & stronger, more powerful plants.
* Increasing production, taste, color and quality of crops.
* To produce healthy products free of chemicals.

BIOTAMA, as a source of microorganisms contained inokulan: Bacteria Nitrogen Free mooring, such as Rhizobium sp., Bradyrhizobium sp. and Azobacter sp.dll.

These bacteria are commonly used as an important inokulan in integrated farming (mixfarming), intercropping systems (multiple cropping systems) and plant cover (over crops) as a biological fertilizer. Bio-fertilizers have the advantage, that is environmentally friendly because it does not leave a residue that does not decompose (rekalsitran) and cheaper because it can be produced locally. Both forms of association and free form, these bacteria still have the ability to bind (memfiksasi) Nitrogen-free, so the plant does not only depend on soil nitrogen content is usually derived from chemical fertilizers.

Nitrogen-absorbing plants in the form of nitrate (NO3) or ammonia (NH3). So that ammonia produced from bacteria mooring N can be directly used by plants. Besides providing N to plants, bacteria are also capable of mooring N to produce growth regulating substances (ZPT) for plants. Indol like compounds (IAA) which can stimulate root growth and development and stimulate the formation of root hair root so that absorption of nutrients will be binding, and Giberelin that can accelerate plant growth, particularly elongated.

Nitrogen is the most important nutrients for leaf green (chlorophyll). If a plant suffering from lack of (deficiency) N will cause the leaves have chlorotic (leaf not green), thus reducing the rate of photosynthesis will decrease fotosintat impact that will ultimately reduce the productivity of a plant. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) has conducted research that anchor bacteria-free living nitrogen can memfiksasi N2 up to 50-60%. So that we can save money by reducing the provision of conventional N fertilizer.

According to Judge et al. (1986) definition of mineralization process is a process of change in organic compounds into inorganic elements. For example, changes in organic nitrogen into inorganic nitrogen, and plants can be used. Mineralization is the decay of organic materials that involve labor enzymes menghidrolisa protein complex

Mineralization of organic nitrogen is actually amonifikasi and nitrifikasi process. Ammonium is the inorganic nitrogen compounds are reduced and the most initial substrate for nitrifikasi process. Nitrifikasi definition is the process of formation of nitrate or nitrite from biological compounds that contain nitrogen reduced. Nitrifikasi and amonifikasi process is the process of mineralization. Nitrifikasi consists of two stages of oxidation of ammonium into nitrite followed by oxidation of nitrite to nitrate by two types of bacteria: Nitrosomonas which oxidize ammonium to nitrite, and Nitrobacter oxidize nitrite to a nitrate (Imas et al., 1989; Sutedjo et al., 1996)

Phosphate solvent bacteria (PSB) The availability of P in the soil are in two forms, namely organic phosphate (nucleic acids) and inorganic phosphate (bind to metals such as A1, Ca, Fe). Phosphate in the soil can be dissolved with root systems and microorganisms. But the two systems work depends on the pH of soil. In the neutral ground state to near base, soil contains a lot of calcium, causing precipitation of calcium phosphate (CaPO4) and phosphate terlepaskan. This process is called a solution by roots and microorganisms. In acid soil conditions, poor soil content of calcium, so more potential phosphate binding to Fe and A1 which are difficult to dissolve, so the plant can cause phosphate deficiency. Therefore, the land we can mesiasatinya acid by menginokulasikan seed / soil microorganisms and fertilizer phosphate solvent was phosphate.

P elements are needed by plants for cell division processes, flowering, fertilization and development of lateral roots (root branch) which play an important role in mineral nutrient absorption. Phosphate solvent bacteria also able to produce organic acids such as propionic acid, acetic, Fumaric, succinic, glycolic acid and formats that can be utilized by the roots and encourage the growth of other bacteria that are synergistic.

Actinomycetes

Actinomycetes mkrobiologi researchers grouped into the bacteria. These bacteria have the capacity necessary for the survival of physical processes, chemical and biological soil. Actinomycetes generally live in soil and play an important role in the process of weathering / overhaul complex organic material into organic material that is more simple and can be directly used by other organisms. The specialty of this bacteria is a tendency to associate with a solid surface layer.

Actinomycetes are bacteria that are not acid resistant, has a filament early in its growth. Actinomycetes can be fakulatif anaerobic (able to grow well if there is free O2 or no O2) may be able to ferment carbohydrates. Actinomycetes has 3 functions:
1.Mendekomposisi organic materials
2. Produce antibiotics that can inhibit and even kill other microbes, especially those pathogens
3. Binding on clay structure that can improve soil physical properties
4. Can eliminate the smells, the metabolic substances are released

Lactobacillus

Lactobacillus classified into families Lactobacillaceae, rod-shaped bacteria and Gram-Positive, not berspora, facultative anaerobes, these bacteria play a role in providing nutrients, fatty acids (lactic acid, acetic acid) and can synthesize vitamins (vitamin B)

Lactobacillus may be:
1. Homofermentatif, which can break down sugar into lactic acid and produce antibiotics.
2. Heterofermetatif is able to break the sugar into lactic acid and the side products such as acetic acid and CO2 (carbon dioxide)

Streptomyces, Actinomycetes in BIOTAMA forming substances are anti-bacterial, also produce bioactive substances such as hormones and enzymes that can increase the number of active cells and the development of roots. Secretion of yeast is a good substrate for microorganisms effectively as lactic acid bacteria and Actinomycetes. Streptomyces, fungi and lactic acid bacteria is a Fermentative microorganisms that can degrade the organic materials (Prihandarini, 2000; Schlegel, 1994)

Actinomycetes, whose structure is a form of the fungi and bacteria, produces chemicals and anti-microbial amino acids released by photosynthetic bacteria and organic materials. Actinomycetes can live together with photosynthetic bacteria (Prihandarini, 2000)